双层负刚度隔振系统低频性能优化及舒适性评价研究
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西南交通大学科技基金资助项目(VH8811065049)


Low-Frequency Performance Optimization and Comfort Evaluation of a Dual-Stage Negative Stiffness Vibration Isolation System
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    摘要:

    车辆、船舶、航空器等载运工具座椅的低频振动严重影响乘员舒适性与健康,搭载的精密仪器也需有效隔离微幅振动以保障其工作精度,传统线性隔振系统在低频段性能有限,难以满足高舒适性与高精度隔振需求.负刚度结构通过几何非线性实现高静刚度与低动刚度,可显著改善低频隔振性能.针对单层负刚度系统在抑制振动二次传递方面的不足,设计了一种双层负刚度隔振系统.基于谐波平衡法推导系统动力学方程,并通过数值方法验证解析结果的准确性.参数分析表明,系统在低频隔振性能上全面优于传统线性系统;在此基础上提出了基于加速度传递率峰值控制的精密设备隔振性能评价指标,以及考虑加权传递率均值的人体舒适度指标.研究结果可为载运工具座椅与精密仪器低频隔振新型系统设计提供理论依据与舒适性评价方法.

    Abstract:

    Low-frequency vibrations of seats in vehicles, ships, aircraft, and other means of transportation severely affect the comfort and health of occupants. Additionally, the precision instruments precision instruments mounted on these platforms require effective isolation from micro-amplitude vibrations to ensure their operational accuracy. However, traditional linear vibration isolation systems have limited performance in the low-frequency range, making it difficult to meet the demands for high comfort and high-precision vibration isolation. Negative stiffness structures achieve high static stiffness and low dynamic stiffness through geometric nonlinearity, which can significantly improve low-frequency vibration isolation performance.?To address the limitation of single-stage negative stiffness systems in suppressing the secondary transmission of vibrations, a dual-stage negative stiffness vibration isolation system?is proposed. The dynamic equations of the system?are derived?based on the harmonic balance method, and the accuracy of the analytical results?is verified?through numerical methods. Parametric analysis?shows?that the system?outperforms traditional linear systems in terms of low-frequency vibration isolation performance. On this ba-sis, an evaluation index for the vibration isolation performance of precision equipment based on the peak control of acceleration transmissibility, together with a human comfort index considering the weighted mean of transmissibility, were proposed. The results?provide?a theoretical basis and a comfort e-valuation method for the design of new low-frequency vibration isolation systems for seats and precision instruments in transportation systems.

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黄磊,高芳清,钱开开,李昊.双层负刚度隔振系统低频性能优化及舒适性评价研究[J].动力学与控制学报,2026,24(3):48~57; Huang Lei, Gao Fangqing, Qian Kaikai, Li Hao. Low-Frequency Performance Optimization and Comfort Evaluation of a Dual-Stage Negative Stiffness Vibration Isolation System[J]. Journal of Dynamics and Control,2026,24(3):48-57.

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  • 收稿日期:2025-10-27
  • 最后修改日期:2025-11-19
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  • 在线发布日期: 2026-03-30
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