This paper investigates the nonlinear dynamic behavior of PVC gel cylindrical shell under multiple electromechanical parameters. First, the nonlinear vibration equations of the cylindrical shell structure are theoretically derived based on the Gent hyperelastic material model, and the response and stability of the system under static and dynamic voltages are subsequently discussed. Studies on static voltage reveal that the cylindrical shell exhibits a critical voltage threshold because of the positive feedback effect of the electric field. Exceeding this threshold leads to instability and damage. And the critical voltage is greatly influenced by thickness and boundary conditions. When dynamic sinusoidal voltage is applied, the system shows complex nonlinear vibration characteristics. Through analyses of the time-domain responses, phase trajectories,Poincaré sections, bifurcation characteristics and Lyapunov exponents, the presence of periodic vibrations and bifurcation phenomena is confirmed. Numerical simulations show that multi-frequency resonance occurs when the excitation frequency changes. Such resonance induces amplitude jumps, which leads to structural damage. By combining nonlinear verification at the same frequency with phase diagram analysis, it is shown that the vibration state has regular consistency under specific parameters. This finding confirms that the vibration response can be controlled by adjusting voltage parameters.