Breathing cracks are a common type of local nonlinear damage, such as fatigue cracks and delamination damage, whose “breathing” effect causes cyclic changes in the local structural stiffness, which increases the difficulty of damage characterization. Traditional damage identification methods based on nonlinear vibration characteristics are difficult to accurately locate and quantify local breathing cracks due to limited measurement information. With the development of full-field vibration displacement measurement technology, the vibration displacement field on the surface of plate structures can be readily obtained, which brings new opportunities for the accurate identification of breathing cracks. In this paper, a nonlinear pseudo-excitation based method is proposed to localize the “delamination-type” breathing crack in plate structures by combining the vibration displacement field information and the local dynamic equilibrium. The method firstly performs feature extraction and efficient nonlinear feature parameter identification of the vibration displacement field by constructing orthogonal basis functions, and then calculates the nonlinear pseudo-excitation by using the identified super-harmonic frequencies and their characteristic deflection shapes in order to realize the high-precision localization of breathing cracks. Finally, the correctness of the proposed method is verified by a thin plate structure with “delamination-type” breathing cracks.